Call 112 immediately if the person cannot breathe, speak, or cough, or if back blows and abdominal thrusts are not working.
Choking is a genuine medical emergency that can cause death within minutes. Knowing how to act calmly and correctly can save a life.
Recognising Choking
- Clutching throat with hands (universal choking sign)
- Unable to speak, cry, or make much sound
- High-pitched wheezing when breathing
- Turning blue or pale around the lips
- Loss of consciousness if airway fully blocked
If the person can cough forcefully — encourage them to keep coughing. Only intervene if the cough becomes weak.
For Adults and Children Over 1 Year
5 back blows + 5 abdominal thrusts — repeat until clear
1
Stand behind and lean them forward
Support their chest and lean them slightly forward.
2
Give 5 firm back blows
Use the heel of your hand to strike firmly between the shoulder blades. Check after each blow.
3
Give 5 abdominal thrusts
Make a fist, place it just above the navel. Grasp with the other hand. Pull sharply inward and upward 5 times.
4
Alternate and repeat
Keep alternating until the object is dislodged, the person breathes normally, or emergency services arrive.
5
If unconscious — start CPR
Lower to floor, start CPR. Look in the mouth before each rescue breath and remove any visible object.
For Infants Under 1 Year
Never perform abdominal thrusts on an infant.
Back blows and chest thrusts for infants
1
Hold face down on your forearm
Support the head, hold face down with head lower than chest.
2
Give 5 back blows
Use 2 fingers to deliver 5 firm back blows between the shoulder blades.
3
Turn face up
Turn the infant over, face up on your other forearm.
4
Give 5 chest thrusts
Place 2 fingers just below the nipple line. Give 5 quick downward chest thrusts.
5
Check and repeat
Check the mouth after each cycle. Repeat until clear or emergency services arrive.
After a Choking Episode
Always see a doctor after a serious choking episode. Abdominal thrusts can cause internal injuries that need assessment.
This article is for general educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for your specific situation. Last reviewed: March 2026. Read our full Medical Disclaimer.